Rahn dan Pegadaian Syariah: Teori dan Praktek Pengertian Rahn dan Bentuk-bentuk Aplikasinya di Pegadaian Syariah

Abstract

This study examines the concept of Rahn in the context of Islamic law and its implementation in the modern sharia pawnshop system. Rahn, which etymologically means "to hold", is the practice of making a valuable item as collateral for debt in the Islamic financial system. This study aims to explain the meaning of Rahn comprehensively and analyze its various forms of application in contemporary sharia pawnshop institutions. The research methodology involves an extensive literature study of primary Islamic legal sources, including the Quran and Hadith, as well as an analysis of sharia pawnshop practices in various Islamic financial institutions. This research also includes case studies from several leading sharia pawnshop institutions to provide a real picture of the application of Rahn's concept. The results of the study show that Rahn has a strong foundation in sharia, with diverse applications in modern contexts. The forms of Rahn application in sharia pawnshops include: 1.) Shariah Gold Pawn: where gold is used as collateral for short-term financing. 2.) Motor Vehicle Financing: using BPKB as collateral. 3.) Microfinance: for small businesses using various assets as collateral. 4.) Sharia Securities Pawn: utilizing securities as the object of Rahn. The study also reveals that although the basic concept is rooted in classical Islamic traditions, sharia pawnshops have adapted the practice of Rahn to meet the financial needs of modern society while still adhering to sharia principles. The main challenges identified include standardization of practices between institutions, public education, and competition with conventional financial institutions.